Saturday, October 31, 2009

NGV STATION IN SEREMBAN, TERENGGANU & SINGAPORE

NGV STATION IN SEREMBAN, TERENGGANU & SINGAPORE

Seremban
PSS Senawang 2Batu 4 1/2, Lot 2172, Jln Tampin-Seremban, Mukim RantauIn operation

Seremban
PSS Klia 1KLIA 1 (Outbound), Lot PT 3906, Jalan Terminal, KLIAIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Seremban
PSS Klia 2Airport mgt and technical service 26 Klia Expresse wayIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Seremban
PSS Matahari Heights Lot 1846 PN 648 Mukim Ampangan, Matahari Heights, 70460In operation
07.00 - 23.00
Seremban
PSS Bandar Baru NilaiLot 9252 Bdr Baru Nilai Mukim Latu Pusat Bander PSNIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Seremban
PSS Seremban 2Jln S2 B1, Lake View Square Mukim Rasah Seremban 2In operation
??.?? - 23.30
Seremban
PSS Senawang 1Batu 4 1/2 Jln Seremban Tampin SenawangIn operation
07:00- 01:00
Seremban
PSS Ampangan 2Kuala Pilah Bound Lot 726 & 727 Mukim Ampangan, Jln Seremban-Kuala PilIn progress
07:00 - 19:00
Seremban
PSS Jalan ParoiJalan ParoiIn operation

Seremban
PSS S2 North SouthS2 North SouthIn progress

Seremban
PSS S2 F PsnS2 F PsnIn progress
??:?? - 23.30
Seremban
PSS Ara DamansaraPju 1a/20In progress

Seremban
PSS Taman Semarak 1
In operation
07:00 - 22:00
Seremban
PSS Taman Semarak 2 Nilai Lot 4784, Jln Semarak, Mukim Labu, Nilai Industrial ParkIn operation
08:00 - 24:00
Singapore
Mandai CNG 1 Mandai Link ,SingaporeIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Singapore
Jalan BurohSPC Jalan Buroh SingaporeIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Singapore
Serangoon North ave 59A Serangoon North Avenue 5 SingaporeIn operation
08:00 - 22:00
Singapore
C-nergy50, Old Toh Tuck Road SingaporeIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Singapore
Serangoon North Ave 4Serangoon North Ave 4In operation

Terengganu
PSS Telok KalongKampong Bukit Kuang Kemaman Kemaman 24000 TerengganuIn operation
06:30 - 23:00
Terengganu
PSS Rantau Mall Mukim KertehHighway 3 Kemaman Terengganu DIIn progress
07:00 - 23:00

NGV STATION IN JOHOR

NGV STATION IN JOHOR

Johor
PSS Jalan Batu Pahat, kluangHWY50 Lot PTD 43258 Mukim Kluang Jalan Air HitamIn operation
07:00 - 01:00
Johor
PSS Jalan GangsaPlo 305, Jalan Gangsa 81700 Pasir GudangIn operation
07:00 - 01:00
Johor
PSS Lebuhraya Pasir Gudang81750 MasaiIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Senailot PTD 8797,Jln Lapangan Terbang Sultan IsmailIn progress
06:30 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Ayer Hitam 1Hwy 50 Jalan KeluangIn progress

Johor
PSS Desa CemerlangPTD 84376, Taman Desa Cemerlang, Jalan Kota Tinggi,Closed
06:00 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Taman Desa TebrauJln Desa TebrauIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Johor
PSS Pasir Gudang Highway 3Lot PTD 105660 HS (D) 3316 Highway Perling-Pasir Gudang, Kempas Baru, In operation
07.00 - 23:00
Johor
PSS Jalan Datin HalimahLot PTB 21228 HS (D) 359045, Jalan Datin Halimah,In operation
06:30 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Damansara AliffLot PTD 104981 HS(D) 351223, Taman Damansara Alif, Jalan TampoiIn operation
06.45 - 23.45
Johor
PSS Bayu SenibongLot PTD 148135 HS(D) 270889 (New Lot No.PTD 173047), Bayu SenibongIn operation
07:00 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Mount AustinMutiara Emas Utama 8In operation
07:00 - 24:00
Johor
PSS RosmerahLot/ PTD 52710,Jalan Rosmerah 2/1, Taman Johor JayaIn operation
07:00 - 02:00
Johor
PSS LangkasukaLot PTB 20457, HS(D) 303968, Jalan Langkasuka,In operation
06.30 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Taman Delima 1Jalan Daya Taman DayaIn operation
06:30 : 24:00
Johor
PSS Tampoi 2Lot PTB 20846, HS(D) 302912, Jalan Tampoi Taman GembiraIn operation
07:00 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Tampoi 3Lot 6179 Mukim Bandar Jalan Tampoi, Johor BahruIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Johor
PSS Taman DayaJalan Bertam 23, Taman DayaIn operation
06:30 : 23:30
Johor
PSS NGV Jln Datin HalimahNo 10, Jln. Petaling 1,Off Jln Datin Halimah,80350 Johor BharuIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Ayer Hitam 2Jalan Kluang Hyw 50, Lot PT 5309, Bandar Baru Air HitamIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Johor
PSS Taman Teok Lot 7949, Taman Teok In operation

Johor
PSS Jalan Masai LamaPTD 111519 Bandr Sri Alam, Jalan Masai Lama Pasir GudangIn operation

Johor
PSS Kota Masai Lot 13602,Jln Kota Masai 2 Tmn Kota Masai P. Gudang JohorIn operation

Johor
PSS Pekan KulaiLot 7320, Batu 21, Jln Air Hitam,Hyw 1 Kulai JohorIn operation
07:00 - 2400
Johor
PSS Saleng, Bandar PutraLeburaya Senai Lot 66916 Kulai JohorIn operation

Johor
PSS Jln Kulai-Kota TinggiPTD 94525, KM 1 Jalan Kulai- Kota Tinggi, Taman MasIn operation
06:00 - 24:00
Johor
PSS Bandar Putra IOI
In operation

Johor
PSS Jaya SepakatJaya sepakatIn progress

NGV STATION IN KEDAH, KL, MELAKA, PERAK, PENANG & PUTRAJAYA

NGV STATION IN KEDAH, KL, MELAKA, PERAK, PENANG & PUTRAJAYA

Kedah
PSS Taman KobisLot 1443-1454 Taman Kobis, Mukim Seluang Kulim 9000 KedahIn operation

Kedah
PSS Kuala ketil Lot 2536,Mukim Tawar, Kuala Ketil Baling 09300 KetilIn operation
07:00 10:30 pm
KL
PSS Kampung BaruNo 177 Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz Kampung Baru 50300 KLIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
KL
PSS KLCC 1 & 2Tkt Mezanin & Bawah GDC II Persiaran KLCC Kuala Lumpur City CentreClosed
00:00 - 24:00
KL
PSS Kg Baru (Stand alone)Lot 412 Jalan Raja Muda Aziz, Kg Baru,KLIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Melaka
PSS Sungai PetaiSungai Petai Lot 3579, Mukim Sungai PetaiIn operation
07:00 - 22:00
Melaka
PSS Air Keroh 1Lot 2432, Mukim Bukit Baru, Tmn Ayer Keroh HeightsIn operation
07.00 - 02:00
Melaka
PSS Tmn Merdeka/Bt Berendam Jalan Dato Seri Haji Md Zin, MelakaIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Melaka
PSS Air Keroh 2Lot 4351 Mukim Bkt Katil Ayer KerohIn operation
06:30 - 23:00
Melaka
PSS Air Keroh 3Lot 2854 Jalan Ayer Keroh Melaka In progress

Melaka
PSS Jln Tun FatimaJalan Tun Fatimah, lot P.T. 4683 Mukim BachangIn operation
06:00 - 24:00
Melaka
PSS Tmn Rambai UtamaLot Pt 4033, HSM MCL 1201, TG Minyak, Tmn Rambai UtamaIn operation
06:30 - 24:00
Pahang
PSS Tanah Putih (LPG station)Tanah Putih, KuantanClosed

Penang
PSS Prai Industrial ParkLot 93, Kawasan Perindustrian Prai 13600 Pulau PinangIn operation
06:45 - 23:45
Penang
PSS PauhIndahJalan Permatang PauhIn progress

Penang
PSS Bkt TengahLot 3691, Bukit Tengah, SeberangPenang-Ipoh Expressway ( Bkt Tengah J)In operation
06:00 - 23:00
Penang
PSS Nibong TebalLot 4107 Mk9 Jln Besar Nibong Tebal In progress

Perak
PSS Bandar UniversityLot 307 & 308, Bndr Universiti, Sri Iskandar, Tronoh 31570 PerakIn progress
00:00 - 24:00
Perak
PSS KamuntingLot 2474 Jalan Kamunting Lama /Jalan Stesen Kamunting Taiping PerakIn progress

Perak
PSS Simpang LimaLot 7850 MK / Buntar Daerah Kerian, Jln Taiping Spg Lima Parit Buntar In operation
06:30 - 23:00
Perak
PSS Kampong KedahLot Pt 3491 Kampung Kedah, Parit Buntar, PerakIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Perak
PSS AulongIzzudin shah (Thomson Rd) JIn progress

Perak
PSS taman Sri BayuPetronas Taman Seri Bayu, 32040, Lumut PerakIn progress

Putrajaya
PSS Presint 9 site 1LOT PT 1442 HSC(M) Mukim Dengkil Presint 9 Putrajaya 43900 PutrajayaIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Putrajaya
PSS Putra Jaya Bus terminalPutra Jaya Bus terminal presint 9 Putrajaya 62675In operation

Putrajaya
PSS Presint 9 station 2Jalan P9 Lot PT 836, Presint 9, Putrajaya In operation
07:00 - 23:00
Putrajaya
PSS Presint 11, PutrajayaJalan P11A, Presint 11, PutrajayaIn operation
07:30 - 20.00

NGV STATION IN SELANGOR

NGV STATION IN SELANGOR

Selangor
PSS Lot 59 AmpangLot 59, Bt 3, Jln Ampang Ampang 50450In operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Taman Taming JayaPT 12842, Taman Taming Jaya, Balakong Sri Kembangan 43300 SelangorIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Jln Maarof, BangsarLot 232 & 233, Jln Maarof, Bangsar 59000Closed
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Hicom sec 26 Shah AlamLot 73 Jalan Ijuk 26/5 sec 26 Shah Alam 40000 SelangorIn operation
05:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS KepongLot 12134, Mukim Batu Bt 61/2 Jalan Kepong, Kepong 52100In operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Jln Jambu JertehLot No PT 6517, Jln Jambu JertehIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Bt 3 GlenmarieLot PT 119, Jalan Mesra, Taman Mesra, Batu 3, GlenmarieIn operation
??:?? - 02:00
Selangor
PSS Bt 8 Pasar BorongLot 6209, Batu 8, Jalan Ipoh ,mukim Batu Batu Caves 68100In operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Bt6 Jln Ipoh/Jln KuchingLot Pt17011, Bt 6, Mukim Batu, Jln IpohIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Klang UtamaLot PT 12911, Tmn Kelang Utama, Jln Hj SiratIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Jalan Kelang LamaLot 2711,Batu 4 3/4, Jalan Kelang Lama Petaling Jaya 58000In operation
07:00 - 22:00
Selangor
PSS Desa MentariKlang Lama J sunway, Petaling JayaIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Grand Saga 1Lot 219 Lebuhraya Cheras Kajang, Cheras Cheras 43200In operation
07:00 - 18:00
Selangor
PSS Puchong Bt 14Lot 5972, Kg. Baru Batu 14, Jalan Puchong Puchong 47100 SelangorIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS SegambutLot 9524, Jalan Segambut Dalam Segambut 52000In operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Salak SelatanLot PT 4416, Jln Sungai Besi Salak South 57100In operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Kelana Jaya 2Lot 2, SS 4B/10, Jalan Bahagia, Kelana Jaya Petaling Jaya 47301In operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS SS3 Kelana Jaya Lot 2, Jalan SS 3/39 Kelana Jaya Petaling Jaya 47300 SelangorIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Persiaran Selangor Sec15(Carlsberg) Depot Lot 20, Seksyen 15 Persiaran Selangor Shah AlamIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Sri Kembangan 2Lot 3464, Jalan Raya2 Bandar Baru Sri Kembangan 43300 SelangorIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Axis Shah AlamNo. 2 & 4 Jln Sepadu 25/123, Tmn Perind Axis, Seksyen 25 Shah AlamIn operation

Selangor
PSS Damansara JayaLot 10068, Jln SS 22/48 Damansara Jaya II Petaling Jaya 47400 SelangorIn operation
07:00 - 03:00
Selangor
PSS Wangsa MelawatiLot 20272, Wangsa Melawati Jalan Hulu Kelang 53100 SetapakIn operation
07:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Klia 3 LCC terminalJalan Pekeling Cargo, Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa SepangIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Meranti JayaLot 13985 Tmn Meranti Jaya, Mukim Petaling Daerah Petaling 47100In operation
05:30 - 01:00
Selangor
PSS Jalan KuariLot 44498, Jalan Kuari Off Jalan Cheras Baru Ampang 56100In operation
??:?? - 18:00
Selangor
PSS Taman Permai JayaJalan Tasek Tambahan 1, Lot PT 32710, HS (M) 32875, Tmn Permai Jaya In operation
06:00 - 19:00
Selangor
Puchong GatewayE11 LdpIn progress

Selangor
PSS BT Caves28 Mrr2 (E)In operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Selayang BypassLot 20298, Mukim Batu, Selayang, Gombak 68100 SelangorIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS IjokLot 1476, H.Sm (M) 973, Mukim Ijok,45620 SelangorIn operation
06:30 - 22:00
Selangor
PSS Rawang 1Lot 1253, Rawang Industria ParkIn operation
07:30 - 22.30
Selangor
PSS Bandar Baru Salak Tinggi SepangB20 Taman Bunga Raya Salak Tinggi In operation
24 hours
Selangor
PSS Kg BendanaraJalan Ulu YamIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Jln PandanganJalan Pandangan, Kg Raja Uda,Port Klang SelangorIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Tmn SentosaJalan Sungai Jati, Taman SentosaIn operation
06:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS CyberjayaLot 29771, Mukim DengkilIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS KG Baru SubangLot 4029 Jalan 1 D, Kg Baharu Subang, Sek U 6In operation

Selangor
PSS Puchong Prima Jalan Puchong Permai PSN In progress

Selangor
PSS Rawang 2Lot PT 11887 Batu 19 3/4 Jalan Rawang-KundangIn operation
07.30 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Pendamar Indah2H.S. (D) 26752 PT 26387 Tmn Pandamar Indah II Mukim KlangIn progress

Selangor
PSS Genting KelangLot 5162, Jalan Genting Kelang( Kelang Gate)In progress

Selangor
PSS Bandar Baru Bangi Seksyen 9 Lot PT 55687 Jalan Persiaran Kemajuan, Sek 9,In operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Raja Muda MusaLot 5912, No.5, Persiaran Raja Muda MusaIn operation

Selangor
PSS HJ Sirat 2Jln Haji Sirat Kelang 42100 Selangor In operation
??:?? - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Bt 5 1/2 Jln Cheras Tmn BillionLot 15033, Bt 5 1/2, Jln Cheras 56200 CherasIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Saujana PuchongBatu 12 PuchongIn progress

Selangor
PSS Batu BelahKg Batu Belah, Lebuhraya ShapaduIn operation

Selangor
PSS Teluk Panglima Garanglot 3020 Mukim Teluk Pangilima Garang Kuala Langat 42500In operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Seksyen 22Lot PT 32168, H.S (M) 10211, Persiaran Jubli Perak, Seksyen 22In operation
06:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS UPM serdang6306 Mukim Dangkil SerdangIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS (TPM) Bukit Jalil Taman Teknologi Malaysia, Lebuhraya Seremban -In operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Klang BantingKenderaan Klang Banting 16/1, Jln Perbadanan, Sek 16 Shah Alam 40702In operation

Selangor
PSS Tmn SamudraLot 29071 Tmn Samudra Bt CavesIn operation
00:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Sunway Batu CavesPT 10903 Mukim Bt Gombak Bt CavesIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Subang JayaLot 7380 Jln SS 17/2 Subang JayaIn operation
06:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Subang (Airport)Lot PT 1210,Lapangan Terbang Sultan Abd AzizIn operation
05:00 - 02:00
Selangor
PSS Bt 4 1/2 Jln Ipoh Lot 11131 Batu 4 1/2 Jalan IpohIn operation

Selangor
PSS Bukit Kemuning 2Lot 4, Mukim Klang, Seksyen 25 Jalan Bukit Kemuning, Shah Alam, SelangIn operation
??:?? - 21:00
Selangor
PSS Kg BendaharaLot 60349, Bdr Baru Selayang, Fasa 2A, Jln Sungai Tua,Batu Caves 68100In operation

Selangor
PSS Rawang KundangLot PT 16280 HS(M) 6480 Mukim Rawang,Gombak selangorIn operation
09:00 - 22:00
Selangor
PSS JinjangLot 7489, Jln Kepong-Jinjang,In operation
7:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Tmn Putra BudimanDesa Serdang 6 J, Lot 41448, Tmn Putra Budiman,In operation

Selangor
PSS Equine Park 1Jalan Putra PermaiIn progress

Selangor
PSS Kota Bayu Emas Lot 4520 Fasa 1, Mukim Klang Jalan Pendamaran Tmn Bayu Emas Klang 4In operation
07:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Bandar Baru Bangi Seksyen 3Persiaran PekelilingIn operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Bangi sec 10Jalan SaujanaIn operation
06:30 - 23:30
Selangor
PSS SemenyihJalan SemenyihIn operation
0700 - 22:00
Selangor
PSS Prima SaujanaJalan Prima Saujana 2/F KajangIn progress

Selangor
PSS Klang Utara, Shapadu HighwayLot 52, Kawasan R&R, Lebuhraya Baru Shapadu 41400, Klang, Selangor.In operation
07:00 -
Selangor
PSS Equine park 2Sbhg Lot 49054(New Lot 64491), Bandar Putra Permai (Equine 2), SerdangIn progress
00.00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Bkt Rahman Putra 4, Persiaran Bukit Rahman Putra 1, Bkt Rahman Putra, Sec U20 Shah AlamIn operation
07:00 - 24:00
Selangor
PSS Taman Sungai KaparBatu 71/2 Jalan Kapar 42200 Kapar, klangIn operation

Selangor
PSS Putra HeightsLot 3612, Persiaran Harmoni Putra Heights, Subang Jaya SelangorIn operation
06:00 - 23:00
Selangor
PSS Bukit Kemuning MotherLot 43361, Jln Biola 33/1, Seksyen 33, Shah Alam 40400In operation

Selangor
PSS Bb Bangi, Unikeb 2Lot 7/9 Jalan 4/1, Bandar Baru BangiIn operation

Selangor
PSS Kayu Ara StationJalan Bridge 21/64In operation
00:00 24:00
Selangor
PSS Section 18, Shah Alam, SelangorJubli Perak, psn In progress

Selangor
PSS Kepong Ent. Park Jln Metro Perdana Berat 1 In operation
07:00 - 23:00
Selangor
Petronas SemenyihHwy 1In operation


Friday, October 30, 2009

SAVING SUMMARY PLAN : NGV

SAVING WITH NGV - FACTS & FIGURES!

EXAMPLE: BEFORE & AFTER INSTALLATION OF A NGV KIT


Before- Encik Zain average monthly PETROL EXPENSES is RM 600.00 for his Proton Wira.

FUEL EXPENSES

After- Encik Zain monthly NGV EXPENSES has dropped to only RM 180.00

Immediate Savings – RM 420.00 every month.

ENCIK ZAINI WITHOUT PAYING 1 SEN TO PURCHASE THIS SYSTEM? HOW?

BECAUSE IT ALL FROM HIS MONTHLY PETROL EXPENSES….TO PURCHASE THIS NGV SYSTEM.!!!

EASY PAYMENT SCHEME


Cost of NGV Kit Proton Wira : RM 3888.00

0% Interest Easy Payment Scheme

Only RM 324.00 per month for 12 month installments

SUMMARY

Original Monthly Petrol Expenses = RM 600.00

New NGV Expenses - RM 180.00

Monthly Repayment (12 Months) - RM 324.00

Savings - RM 96.00

RM96.00 x 12 months

= (RM1152.00)

TOTAL SAVINGS FOR 5 YEARS
IT’S CONSIDER YOU NO NEED TO

PURCHASE THIS NGV SYSTEM WITH

YOUR EXTRA MONEY!!


TOTAL SAVINGS FOR 5 YEARS

Before Saving 70% Petrol Expenses is

RM 420.00 per month

1st 12 Months = RM 96 x 12

= RM 1152.00

Next 48 Months = RM 420.00 x 48

= RM 20,160.00

Total Savings - RM 21312.00

Not inclusive of the 25% road tax reduction savings

NGV



Go for NGV more saver and good for environment

"NGV" redirects here. For the art gallery in Melbourne, Australia, see National Gallery of Victoria.

Fueling

2009 Honda Civic GX hooked up to Phill refueling system.
Brazilian flexible-fuel taxi retrofitted to run also as a GNV. The compressed natural gas (CNG) tanks are located underneath in the rear.

A natural gas vehicle or NGV is an alternative fuel vehicle that uses compressed natural gas (CNG) or, less commonly, liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a clean alternative to other automobile fuels. Worldwide, there were 9,6 million natural gas vehicles in 2008, led by Pakistan (2.0 million), Argentina (1.7 million), Brazil (1.6 million), Iran (1.0 million), India (650 thousand), Italy (580 thousand), China (400 thousand), and Colombia (280 thousand), with South America leading with a global market share of 39%. The US has 110,000 NGVs, mostly buses. Other countries where natural gas-powered buses are popular include India, Australia, Argentina, and Germany. In OECD countries there are around 500,000 CNG vehicles. In some countries, such as Armenia, a large percentage of the fleet has been retro-fitted for bi-fuel operation, reaching between 20 to 30% of the cars on the road.

Existing gasoline-powered vehicles may be converted to allow the use of CNG. An increasing number of vehicles worldwide are being manufactured to run on CNG. The Honda Civic GX is the only NGV commercially available in the US market. GM do Brasil introduced the MultiPower engine in August 2004 which was capable of using CNG, alcohol and gasoline (E20-E25 blend) as fuel, and it was used in the Chevrolet Astra 2.0 model 2005, aimed at the taxi market. In 2006 the Brazilian subsidiary of FIAT introduced the Fiat Siena Tetra fuel, a four-fuel car developed under Magneti Marelli of Fiat Brazil. This automobile can run on natural gas (CNG); 100% ethanol (E100); E20 to E25 gasoline blend, Brazil's mandatory gasoline; and pure gasoline, though no longer available in Brazil it is used in neighboring countries.

Despite its advantages, the use of natural gas vehicles faces several limitations, including fuel storage and infrastructure available for delivery and distribution at fueling stations. Natural gas must be stored in cylinders, whether it is CNG (compressed) or LNG (liquefied), and these cylinders are usually located in the vehicle's trunk, reducing the space available for other uses, particularly during long distance travel. As with other alternative fuels, natural gas distribution to and at fueling stations, as well as the number of stations selling CNG are other barriers for widespread use of NGVs.

NGV's can be refueled anywhere from existing natural gas lines. This makes home refuelling stations that tap into such lines possible. A company called FuelMaker has pioneered such a system called Phill Home Refueling Appliance (known as "Phill"), which they have developed in partnership with Honda for the American GX model.

Chemical Composition and Energy Content


Chemical composition

The primary component of natural gas is methane (CH4), the shortest and lightest hydrocarbon molecule. It may also contain heavier gaseous hydrocarbons such as ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10), as well as other gases, in varying amounts. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a common contaminant, which must be removed prior to most uses.

Energy content


Combustion of one cubic meter yields 38 MJ (10.6 kWh). Natural gas has the highest energy/carbon ratio of any fossil fuel, and thus produces less carbon dioxide per unit of energy.
[edit] Storage and transport
Typical CNG gas tank located in the trunk.

Transport

The major difficulty in the use of natural gas is transportation. Natural gas pipelines are economical, but are impractical across oceans. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) tankers are also used.

Storage

CNG is typically stored in steel or composite containers at high pressure (3000 to 4000 lbf/in², or 205 to 275 bar). These containers are not typically temperature controlled, but are allowed to stay at local ambient temperature.

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage pressures are typically at or just above the local atmospheric pressure (0 to 30 lbf/in², or 0 to 2.1 bar). LNG is stored at temperatures as low as -260°F (-162°C). At these temperature and pressure conditions, natural gas is in a liquid state. Storage temperatures may vary due to varying composition and storage pressure. LNG is far denser than even the highly compressed state of CNG. As a consequence of the low temperatures, vacuum insulated storage tanks are used to hold LNG. These tanks are often referred to as dewars to credit the early cryogenic scientist Sir James Dewar.

Implementation

Buses powered with CNG are common in the United States.
Popular among taxi drivers, the Brazilian Fiat Siena Tetrafuel 1.4, is a multifuel car that runs as a flexible-fuel on pure gasoline, or E20-E25 blend, or pure ethanol (E100); or runs as a bi-fuel with natural gas (CNG). Below: the CNG storage tanks in the trunk.
CNG pumps at a Brazilian gasoline service station, Paraná state.

Natural gas vehicles are popular in regions or countries where natural gas is abundant, where the government choose to price CNG lower than gasoline.[4] The use of natural gas began in the Po River Valley of Italy in the 1930s, followed by New Zealand in the eighties, though its use has declined. At the peak of natural gas use, 10 percent of New Zealand's cars were converted, around 110,000 vehicles.[4] In the United States CNG powered buses are the favorite choice of several public transit agencies, with a fleet of some 130,000 vehicles, mostly buses.[2] India, Australia, Argentina, and Germany also have widespread use of natural gas-powered buses in their public transportation fleets.[4]

South America

CNG vehicles are common in South America, with a 39% share of the worldwide NGV fleet,[1] where these vehicles are mainly used as taxicabs in main cities of Argentina and Brazil. Normally, standard gasoline vehicles are retrofitted in specialized shops, which involve installing the gas cylinder in the trunk and the CNG injection system and electronics.

As of 2008 Argentina had 1,745,677 NGV's with 1,801 refueling stations across the nation,or 15% of all vehicles; and Brazil had 1,588,331 vehicles and 1,688 refueling stations,[1] with a higher concentration in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.

Bolivia has increased its fleet from 10,000 in 2003 to 99,657 units in 2008, with 123 refueling stations. Colombia had an NGV fleet of 280,340 vehicles, and 401 refueling stations as of 2008. Peru has 54,829 NGVs and 56 fueling stations as 2008, but that number is expected to skyrocket as Peru sits on South America's largest gas reserves. Other countries with smaller GNV fleets are Chile ( 8,064), Uruguay (20), and Venezuela (4,200).

Latest developments

GM do Brasil introduced the MultiPower engine in August 2004 which was capable of using CNG, alcohol and gasoline as fuel. The GM engine has electronic fuel injection that automatically adjusts to any acceptable fuel configuration. This motor was used in the Chevrolet Astra and was aimed at the taxi market.

In 2006 the Brazilian subsidiary of FIAT introduced the Fiat Siena Tetra fuel, a four-fuel car developed under Magneti Marelli of Fiat Brazil. This automobile can run on 100% ethanol (E100), E20 to E25 blend (Brazil's normal ethanol gasoline blend), pure gasoline (not available in Brazil), and natural gas, and switches from the gasoline-ethanol blend to CNG automatically, depending on the power required by road conditions.

Since 2003 and with the commercial success of flex cars in Brazil, another existing option is to retrofit an ethanol flexible-fuel vehicle to add a natural gas tank and the corresponding injection system. Some taxicabs in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, run on this option, allowing the user to choose among three fuels (E25, E100 and CNG) according to current market prices at the pump. Vehicles with this adaptation are known in Brazil as tri-fuel cars.

Southeast Asia

In Malaysia, the use of compressed natural gas was originally introduced for taxicabs and airport limousines during the late-1990s, when new taxis were launched with CNG engines while taxicab operators were encouraged to send in existing taxis for full engine conversions, reducing their costs of operation. Any vehicle converted to use CNG is labelled with white rhombus "NGV" (Natural Gas Vehicle) tags, lending to the common use of "NGV" when referring to road vehicles with CNG engine. The practice of using CNG remained largely confined to taxicabs predominantly in the Klang Valley and Penang due to a lack of interest. No incentives were offered for those besides taxicab owners to use CNG engines, while government subsidies on petrol and diesel made conventional road vehicles cheaper to use in the eyes of the consumers. Petronas, Malaysia's state-owned oil company, also monopolises the provision of CNG to road users. As of July 2008, Petronas only operates about 150 CNG refueling stations, most of which are concentrated in the Klang Valley. At the same time, another 50 was expected by the end of 2008.

As fuel subsidies were gradually removed in Malaysia starting June 5, 2008, the subsequent 41% price hike on petrol and diesel led to a 500% increase in the number of new CNG tanks installed. National car maker Proton considered fitting its Waja, Saga and Persona models with CNG kits from Prins Autogassystemen by the end of 2008, while a local distributor of locally assembled Hyundai cars offers new models with CNG kits. Conversion centres, which also benefited from the rush for lower running costs, also perform partial conversions to existing road vehicles, allowing them to run on both petrol or diesel and CNG with a cost varying between RM3,500 to RM5,000 for passenger cars.

There were about 400 CNG-fueled vehicles in Singapore in mid-2007, of which about 110 are taxis operated by Smart Automobile. By February 2008, the number has risen 520 CNG vehicles, of which about half are taxies. All vehicles had to refuel at the sole CNG station operated by Sembcorp Gas and located on Jurong Island until the opening of the first publicly accessible CNG station at Mandai in 2008, operated by Smart Automobile. The company plans to build another four stations by 2011, by which time the company projects to operated 3,000 to 4,000 CNG taxies, and with 10,000 CNG public and commercial vehicles of other types on Singapore's roads. Sembcorp Gas opened its second CNG station a week after the Mandai station at Jalan Buroh.

Thailand has for over a decade run natural gas taxi cabs in Bangkok. However, conversion in earnest has begun since oil prices have risen, and now thousands of private automobiles and public buses have converted. Natural gas vehicles in Thailand have reached 98,000 in 2008.

China

China has at year end 2006, 194,860 NGV's and 490 refueling stations. China's national reserves was 134 billion cubic meters at the end of 2007.[citation needed]

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